The pH scale that is widely accepted and used by scientists didn't actually exist until 1909. Before then scientists had to rely on using adjectives to describe the acidity or basicity of a substance ...

For several decades antimony electrodes have been used to measure the acidity/basicity -- and so to determine the pH value. Unfortunately, they allow for measuring pH changes of solutions only at a ...

Gas-phase basicity, defined by the propensity of a molecule to accept a proton in the absence of solvation, is a critical parameter in understanding the intrinsic reactivity of compounds. Organic ...

Chemists have long known that catalytic Lewis acidic and Lewis basic sites on metal and metal oxide surfaces help spark a range of reactions that are important in industrial chemical and fuel ...