San Luis Obispo (KSBP) features unique, separately charted ILS and Localizer (LOC) approaches for Runway 11, which have distinct alternate minimums and significantly different missed approach ...

Approach procedure suffixes (e.g., 'Z', 'Y') indicate multiple straight-in approaches of the same type to a single runway, primarily designed to accommodate more aircraft by offering different ...

Earning an instrument and a type rating today still demands the applicant successfully fly a circling approach. Despite the FAA’s recent Advisory Circular (AC) 120-123 calling for an increased focus ...

Example circling maneuver at Memphis IAP, Tennessee. Author graphic. I used to think of the circle-to-land maneuver following an instrument approach as a necessary evil. We had a lot of airports to go ...