Edward Hebern of California designed this rotor for a cipher machine. Commercial rotary cipher machines would be introduced in the 1920s and 1930s for commercial purposes by several people in several ...

The particularity of these cipher devices is that they shouldn't exist anymore. Not in one piece and certainly not functional. Because it was a state secret technology, utmost care was taken by German ...

World War I ladies’ YMCA gray twilled woolen tunic with a red "US" on each sky-blue broadcloth collar and a skirt made of the same material as the tunic (est. $200-$300). Circa 1935 Hungarian Model ...

IIIF provides researchers rich metadata and media viewing options for comparison of works across cultural heritage collections. Visit the IIIF page to learn more. The American inventor Edward Hebern ...

"Fritz Menzer did not just come up with this machine - he developed other machines. And he also worked on cryptanalysis machines to crack the codes of other countries. There has been no research on ...

It was the spring of 1942. America’s back was against the wall. The Japanese Navy ruled the Pacific. Pearl Harbor was still in ruins. In a dim basement beneath Pearl, Commander Joseph Rochefort ...

Colossus, the cipher-breaking World War II computer, is to be pitted against modern computing power in a competition organized by the National Museum of Computing. In an event called the "Cipher ...