Quartz uses a standard Cartesian coordinate system. By default, the origin is in the lower-left corner of the drawing canvas with x values increasing to the right and y values increasing upwards.
Schematic diagram of the coordinate transformation process in cylinder structure. (A), (D), (C), and (F) Cartesian coordinates. (B) and (E) Curvilinear coordinates. The red lines denote isotherms.
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