This is a second course in symbolic logic. Our course presupposes you have had a first course in symbolic deductive logic, such as Sac State's PHIL 60, or CSC 28, or you have learned this material on ...

Inductive proofs; the concept of ‘a posteriori’. Cosmological argument: St Thomas Aquinas’ first Three Ways – (motion or change; cause and effect; contingency and necessity). The Kalam cosmological ...

The paper reviews three modes of rational inference: deductive, inductive and probabilistic. Many examples of each can be found in scientific endeavour, professional practice and public discourse.

Arguments are attempts to persuade by providing reasons (or premises or propositions) in support of a particular claim (or conclusion). In a deductive or ‘truth-preserving’ argument, the conclusion ...

If you know the enemy and know yourself, you need not fear the result of a hundred battles. —Sun Tzu Source: Viktor Vasnetsov/Wikimedia Commons (Public Domain) The enemies of rational thought can take ...

This is a preview. Log in through your library . Abstract During the past decade there has been a very effective campaign against any explanation of remembering whose basic concept is that of a ...