In Stinson, a unanimous Court gave great deference to the commentary in sentencing decisions, holding that “the Guidelines ...

DOGE was the brainchild of billionaire Elon Musk, who once promised he could find $1 trillion in budget cuts in the Trump ...

St. John claims the zoning decision placed a “substantial burden” on its First Amendment free exercise rights, citing a ...

The 1965 debate between noted author and civil rights activist James Baldwin and William F. Buckley, Jr., writer and “Father of the Modern Conservative Movement,” took place at a most challenging ...

Thomas Mifflin served as president of the Confederation Congress, attended the Constitutional Convention of 1787, and became Pennsylvania’s first Governor. Thomas Mifflin was born in Philadelphia in ...

Philip Livingston was part of a large and politically influential family. He signed the Declaration, and then British forces took over his Brooklyn estate. Philip Livingston was born in Albany, New ...

George Mason, member of a prominent Virginia family who had authored Virginia’s Declaration of Rights in 1776, was one of three delegates in Philadelphia (along with fellow Virginian, Edmund Randolph, ...

Majority: Gray (author), Brewer, Brown, Shiras, White, Peckham Dissent: Fuller (author), Harlan Justice McKenna took no part in this case. Ratified in 1868, the Fourteenth Amendment opens with the ...

The National Constitution Center’s Founders’ Library includes primary texts that span American history—from the philosophical works that influenced the Founding generation to the most important ...

The National Constitution Center is the first and only museum dedicated to the U.S. Constitution. Through interactive exhibits, rare artifacts, and live theater, we bring the Constitution to life for ...

The executive Power shall be vested in a President of the United States of America. He shall hold his Office during the Term of four Years, and, together with the Vice President, chosen for the same ...

Jefferson and Madison: From Independence to the Constitution and Bill of Rights Thomas Jefferson, principal author of the Declaration of Independence, and James Madison, a leading architect of the U.S ...