Hagfish and lampreys form the clade cyclostomes, the earliest branching lineage of the vertebrates. Although hagfish are generally assumed to have experienced intense modifications, its brain ...

The elephant shark, a primitive deep-sea fish that belongs to the oldest living family of jawed vertebrates, can see color much like humans can. This discovery may enhance scientists' understanding of ...

Predicting the number of protein-coding genes that are present in a genome is complicated by the presence of pseudogenes, by misannotations of non-coding sequence, by the incompleteness of assemblies ...