After decades of war, Britain entered a quieter age marked by cities, roads, villas, and a growing Roman identity embraced by much of the population. This chapter explores how Roman rule transformed ...
Rome’s conquest of Britain was not a single invasion but decades of resistance, rebellion, and hard choices, from forest warfare and tribal revolts to the destruction unleashed by Boudica. This ...
The transformation of the Roman Empire into what modern historians call Byzantium was not a single event but a gradual ...
According to the first-century A.D. Roman writer Pliny the Elder, the ancient city of Lixus in what is now northern Morocco was the site of the Garden of the Hesperides, where the semidivine hero ...
Two monumental pylons form the entryway to the temple of Isis at Philae, which was built by the pharaoh Ptolemy II beginning around 260 B.C. Reliefs on this pylon depict the pharaoh Ptolemy XII ...