The tariffs have also provoked political tension, including retaliation from China, which responded to Trump's move with tariffs on US goods and an anti-monopoly probe of Google, among other measures. The speed with which China filed its complaint with the WTO is an indication of Beijing's readiness for the trade fight.

As part of a 10% tariff on Chinese imports, Trump also scrapped a rule that waived import duties on packages valued at under $800, which helped Temu and Shein.